Laser micro-sampling is one of the most versatile chemical analysis approaches available today. Recent technological advances in Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) have set this technique apart in the world of analytical chemistry, as it can uniquely provide 2D and 3D elemental distribution mapping of any element present in most solid materials down to 0.5-1 ppm, over areas hundreds of microns to tens of millimeters. LIBS is particularly useful for depth analysis as the laser can be re-focused on the same location of a sample surface and provide depth profiling at a resolution of 100’s of nanometers per pass, depending on the sample matrix.
LIBS combines automated laser micro-sampling with optical emission spectroscopy, allowing for in-direct but near-instantaneous measurement of materials. LIBS is particularly powerful for atmosphere sensitive samples, and are currently used on NASA’s Mars rovers.