Depending on the type of liquid particle sampler (LS-20 or LS-60), particles of different sizes can be detected and quantified.

• The LS-20 uses a laser-diode light source and collection optics to detect particles as they pass through a flow cell. Particles block light from the laser, and the duration of this blockage is used to count and size them. Sizing is performed across eight calibrated channels, detecting particles from 1.0 to 50 microns.
• The LS-60 is based on light scattering, enabling detection of smaller sized particles, ranging from 0.2-2 microns, by measuring the light deflected as particles pass through the laser beam. It is commonly used in the semiconductor industry.

Particle identification can be achieved by extracting the particulate contamination from suspension onto a filter, followed by surface analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for organic compounds and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) for inorganic materials. In case of SEM, the morphology of the particles can be studied as well. The liquid particle counter is predominantly used for quality control and contamination monitoring, with more specific applications in the medical industry (such as, catheters, stents, needles, etc.), dental tools, plastic components, and more. Moreover, LPC instruments play a role in cleanliness assessments and process optimalization in manufacturing environments, helping to ensure compliance with industry standards such as USP788.